Ereğli Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi Current Issue

This study was carried out in order to determine the most suitable silage corn varieties that can be grown in the region by examining the green forage and dry matter yield of 15 silage corn varieties in the ecological conditions of Bolvadin district of Afyonkarahisar province. The research was carried out in a randomized block design with three replications. In the study, green plant and dry matter yield characteristics of all cultivars were investigated. As a result of the research, the variety with the highest green plant yield was obtained from “Burak” variety with 9363 kg/da. This was followed by “Champ” with 9297 kg/da, “Pehlivan” with 9188 kg/da, “DKC 7240” with 9050 kg/da, “DKC 6777” with 9005 kg/da. In the research, the lowest green plant yields were obtained from “Macha” with 7205 kg/da and “Antex” with 7547 kg/da. Dry matter yields of silage corn varieties varied between 1899 (Macha) – 2684 (Champ) kg/da, and the average dry matter yield of the varieties was determined as 2288 kg/da. The performance of corn varieties in our country varies greatly according to the regions. The fact that there are many FAO stage groups in maize and the vegetation period of corn can be very variable in the regions increases the importance of growing the right varieties in the right regions. It is thought that the silage maize varieties to be grown in the Afyon region should have a high FAO yield group, so that they mature later than the grain varieties, the cultivars should have long and heavy-grained cobs in order to have a long plant height, tolerant to dense planting, more leaves, and high quality. Most of the cultivars we examined in the study had the desired characteristics and yielded satisfactory results in terms of yield and quality. Among these varieties, “Burak”, “Champ” and “Pehlivan” varieties came to the fore with their green plant yields

This study was carried out to investigate the yield abilities of some barley cultivars depending on the winter precipitation in the 2020-21 winter growing season in Van ecological conditions. It was established in the farmer's conditions in the Göllü neighborhood of Van Tusba District, according to a randomized block design with 3 replications. In the research, 5 barley varieties that were tried in the region were used. Earning time (days), plant height (cm), number of spikes per square meter (pieces), lodging (%), chlorophyll value, spike length (cm), number of spikelets per spike (pieces), mating time (days), thousand-grain weight (g), hectoliter weight (kg lt-1), biological yield (kg da-1), grain yield (kg da-1) and harvest index (%) were investigated. In the experiment, the number of days to spike is 168-171 days, the plant height values are 68.9-71.5 cm, the number of spikes per square meter is 366.4-435.7, the lying value of the varieties is 0%, the vegetation temperature is 30.0-30.2 ºC, the chlorophyll values are 47.9-51.7 SPAD meters, the ripening time 33-35 days, spike length values of 7.1-8.1 cm, number of spikelets per spike 28.6-32.3, biological yield 1836.7-1693.4 kg da-1, grain yield 293.7-217.0 kg da-1, thousand-grain weight 42.3-44.6 g and hectoliter weight 62.5 It varied between -65.7 kg hl-1.  As a result, promising results were obtained in terms of biological yield and grain yield of the Larende variety.

Our country provides 70% of its energy use from foreign countries. Our current account deficit is increasing due to energy imports. Therefore, efficient use of energy is of great importance for our country. The energy efficiency potential in the residential and industrial sectors is quite high for our country. In the literature, tons of equivalent petroleum is used as energy units and conversion between energy units is provided. In our country, for industrial enterprises with an annual energy consumption of 1000 tons of equivalent oil, the mandatory duration of energy audit work is four years. In this study, the three-year energy cost and energy consumption of an industrial enterprise with an annual energy consumption of more than one thousand tons of oil equivalent were examined, and suggestions were made to increase energy efficiency and reduce energy costs. The study company operates in the food industry. As a result of the study, it has been determined that 128 tons of equivalent petroleum energy savings can be achieved on a yearly basis, thanks to the proposal to the industrial enterprise.

Horses, which have been famous for their loyalty and friendship towards humans for centuries, also form tight friendship ties within their own species. The measurement of friendship ties is revealed by observing certain behaviors. This study was carried out on 11 head horses in a private horse farm. In the study, horses were monitored for one month and 7 different trends were evaluated. These trends were monitored and recorded throughout the day. As a result of the study, it is revealed that although horses mostly like to live in social groups, they prefer to be alone due to certain hormonal, health and momentary situations. Again, it has been determined that friendship behavior tendencies are not different according to race and gender.

In the study, we aimed to define total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents and antioxidant invitro assays (DPPH•, ABTS•+, CUPRAC and metal chelating activity) of supercritical CO2 extracts obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction method (SCFE) under pressure of 150 bar and 300 bar of O. europaea subs. L. oleaster leaf, which grows naturally in the Tarsus district of Mersin province, in the Mediterranean Region, has an important economic potential. TPC and TFC of the supercritical samples (OE1-OE2) were predicted as 2418,80±102,1 – 3951,46±123,7 μg GAEs/mg extract and 384,61±16,8–491,70±27,3 μg QEs, respectively. Except for DPPH• radical scavenging activity, both OE1 and OE2 supercritical extracts showed significant activity in all in-vitro antioxidant tests studied. ABTS•+ radical scavenging activity in the OE2 supercritical extract (IC50: 30,13±0,82 µg/ml) was determined higher than OE1 supercritical extract (IC50: 47,21±0,36µg/ml). CUPRAC activity in OE2 supercritical extract (A0.50: 206,52±0,24 µg/mL) was found higher than OE1 supercritical extract (A0.50: 256,71±0,13µg/mL). Metal chelating activity value of OE2 supercritical extract (IC50: 26,26±0,72 µg/mL) was found higher than OE1 supercritical extract (IC50: 30,17±0,53 µg/mL). DPPH• assay showed not any remarkable activity in extract of O. europaea subs. Oleaster. Therefore, it was observed that O. europaea leaves extracted under 300 bar pressure in the supercritical CO2 extraction method (OE2) had higher TPC/TFC and in-vitro antioxidant activities. As a result, it was observed that O. europaea subs. oleaster leaf extracts had a very strong richness in terms of phenolic compounds and flavonoids had very interesting antioxidant potential. So, we proposed that O. europaea subs. oleaster leaves can be a valuable source of phenolic compounds as a food preservative in different fields, and that O. europaea subs. oleaster leaves can be an important alternative for synthetic antioxidants.

This article examines the field agriculture of the Hotamış Turkmen people who transitioned from nomadic to settled life between the years 1844-1845. The social and geographical structures influencing the agricultural production of the Hotamış Turkmen people are identified and discussed. The social and geographical structure holds significant importance in the agricultural history of Turkey as well. In this article focusing on the years 1844-1845 for the Hotamış Turkmen people, their engagement in field agriculture to such an extent, considering their previous nomadic lifestyle primarily focused on animal husbandry, should be appreciated given the conditions of that time. It can be anticipated that daily needs and government policies encouraging such activities played a role in this shift. The reasons for not expanding cultivation further can be attributed to cultural habits, as well as the impact of ecological factors such as the continental climate, topography of the settled area, and soil quality. Additionally, due to Hotamış Lake, they engaged in production activities related to internal trade, such as using reeds for thatching (roof covering, floor mat, sheepfold construction, preservation of dairy products), and fishing. Within this tradition, they used woven wool sacks for storing products obtained from field agriculture and a type of tent called "Geri" laid out on a Çergeli horse-drawn cart for transportation, especially to nearby places next to the camel. In years of surplus production, they also utilized a silo-like storage technique termed "Hermetic Depot" for preserving and storing products.

There are approximately 357,000 flowering plants belonging to 454 families in the world. In our country, about 10,000 flowering plants belonging to 135 families have been identified. Approximately 32% of these plants are endemic. Today, the importance of medicinal and aromatic plants is increasing day by day and the trade volume is expanding in parallel. Sage, which is used in fields such as perfumery and pharmacy, is one of the important products traded both as a herba and as an essential oil. In 2022, 2.356 tons of sage was grown on 12,781 decares of land in Turkey. In 2022, 8,489,836 dollars were obtained from 2,434 tons of sage export and 5,354 dollars from 278 kg of sage oil. 1,138 tons of sage and 1,144 kg of sage oil were imported, costing 3,080,157 dollars. In the Upper Euphrates part of Turkey, 38 sage (Salvia) species, 15 of which are endemic, are naturally distributed. There is a natural distribution of 26 sage species, 6 of which are endemic, in Tunceli. Tunceli has suitable conditions for sage cultivation with its climatic and soil characteristics.